Uru kachasị nke capacitors ihe nkiri organometallic bụ na ha na-agwọ onwe ha, nke na-eme ka capacitors ndị a bụrụ otu n'ime capacitors na-eto ngwa ngwa taa.

E nwere ụzọ abụọ dị iche iche e si agwọ onwe onye nke ihe mkpuchi ihe nkiri e ji ígwè rụọ: otu bụ ọgwụgwọ onwe onye; nke ọzọ bụ ọgwụgwọ onwe onye nke electrochemical. Nke mbụ na-eme na voltaji dị elu, ya mere a na-akpọkwa ya ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị elu; n'ihi na nke ikpeazụ na-emekwa na voltaji dị ala, a na-akpọkarị ya ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị ala.

Ọgwụgwọ Onwe Onye

Iji gosi usoro nke mwepụta onwe onye, ​​were ya na enwere ntụpọ na ihe nkiri organic n'etiti elektrọd abụọ ejiri metal mee nke nwere nguzogide nke R. Dabere na ụdị ntụpọ ahụ, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ntụpọ ígwè, semiconductor ma ọ bụ ntụpọ na-adịghị mma. O doro anya na mgbe ntụpọ ahụ bụ otu n'ime nke mbụ, capacitor ga-agbapụ onwe ya na obere voltaji. Ọ bụ naanị n'ọnọdụ nke abụọ ka ihe a na-akpọ mwepụ voltaji dị elu na-agwọ onwe ya.

Usoro mwepụta onwe onye bụ na ozugbo etinyere voltaji V na capacitor ihe nkiri metalized, ọkụ ohmic I=V/R na-agafe ntụpọ ahụ. Ya mere, njupụta ugbu a J=V/Rπr2 na-agafe na electrode metalled, ya bụ, ka mpaghara ahụ dị nso na ntụpọ ahụ (ka obere r bụ) na njupụta ugbu a ya dị elu n'ime electrode metalled. N'ihi okpomọkụ Joule nke oriri ike ntụpọ W=(V2/R)r kpatara, nguzogide R nke semiconductor ma ọ bụ ntụpọ mkpuchi na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Ya mere, ugbu a I na oriri ike W na-abawanye ngwa ngwa, njupụta ugbu a J1= J=V/πr12 na-ebili nke ọma na mpaghara ebe electrode metalled dị nso na ntụpọ ahụ, okpomọkụ Joule ya nwere ike ịgbaze oyi akwa metalled na mpaghara ahụ, na-eme ka arc dị n'etiti electrodes fega ebe a. Arc ahụ na-apụ ngwa ngwa ma tụfuo metal agbaze, na-emepụta mpaghara nkewa mkpuchi na-enweghị akwa ígwè. A na-agbanyụ arc ahụ ma na-enweta ọgwụgwọ onwe onye.

N'ihi okpomọkụ na arc Joule nke e mepụtara n'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ onwe onye nke mwepụta, dielectric gburugburu ntụpọ ahụ na mpaghara nkewa mkpuchi nke elu dielectric na-emebi kpamkpam site na mmebi okpomọkụ na eletriki, yabụ mmebi kemịkalụ, gasification na carbonization, na ọbụna mmebi igwe na-eme.

Site n'ihe dị n'elu, iji nweta ọgwụgwọ onwe onye zuru oke, ọ dị mkpa ijide n'aka na gburugburu ebe obibi kwesịrị ekwesị gburugburu ntụpọ ahụ, yabụ nhazi nke ihe mkpuchi ihe nkiri organic a kpụrụ akpụ kwesịrị ịdị mma iji nweta ihe dị mma gburugburu ntụpọ ahụ, ọkpụrụkpụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke oyi akwa a kpụrụ akpụ, gburugburu ebe obibi hermetic, na voltaji na ikike isi kwesịrị ekwesị. Ihe a na-akpọ ọgwụgwọ onwe onye zuru oke bụ: oge ​​ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị mkpụmkpụ, ike ịgwọ onwe ya dị obere, ike dị mma nkewapụ ntụpọ, enweghị mmebi na dielectric gbara ya gburugburu. Iji nweta ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị mma, molekul nke ihe nkiri organic kwesịrị ịnwe obere oke nke carbon na atọm hydrogen na obere oxygen, nke mere na mgbe mmebi nke molekul fim ahụ mere na mwepụta onwe onye, ​​a naghị emepụta carbon na enweghị ihe nchekwa carbon iji zere ịmepụta ụzọ ọhụrụ na-eduzi, kama a na-emepụta CO2, CO, CH4, C2H2 na gas ndị ọzọ iji gbanyụọ arc na mmụba dị nkọ na gas.
Iji hụ na ihe ndị dị gburugburu ntụpọ ahụ emerụghị mgbe a na-agwọ onwe ya, ike ọgwụgwọ onwe ekwesịghị ịdị oke ibu, kamakwa obere, iji wepụ akwa metallisation gburugburu ntụpọ ahụ, nhazi nke mpaghara mkpuchi (nguzogide dị elu), a ga-ekewapụ ntụpọ ahụ, iji nweta ọgwụgwọ onwe. N'ụzọ doro anya, ike ọgwụgwọ onwe achọrọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ígwè nke oyi akwa metallisation, ọkpụrụkpụ, na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ya mere, iji belata ike ọgwụgwọ onwe onye ma nweta ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị mma, a na-eme metallisation nke ihe nkiri organic nwere obere ebe agbaze ọla. Na mgbakwunye, oyi akwa metallisation ekwesịghị ịdị oke arọ ma dị gịrịgịrị, karịsịa iji zere ọkọ, ma ọ bụghị ya, mpaghara nkewa mkpuchi ga-adị ka alaka ma ghara inweta ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị mma. Ndị na-eme ka mkpuchi CRE niile na-eji ihe nkiri nkịtị, ma n'otu oge ahụ njikwa nyocha ihe na-abata siri ike, na-egbochi ihe nkiri nwere nkwarụ n'ọnụ ụzọ, ka e wee nwee nkwa zuru oke maka ịdị mma nke ihe nkiri capacitor.

Na mgbakwunye na ọgwụgwọ onwe onye site na mwepụta ihe, enwere nke ọzọ, nke bụ ọgwụgwọ onwe onye site na electrochemical. Ka anyị tụlee usoro a n'isiokwu na-esote.