Capacitor bụ ihe mejupụtara ya nke na-echekwa chajị eletriki. Ụkpụrụ nchekwa ike nke capacitor izugbe na ultra capacitor (EDLC) bụ otu, chajị nchekwa abụọ ahụ bụ nke electrostatic field, mana super capacitor dabara adaba maka mwepụta na nchekwa ike ngwa ngwa, ọkachasị maka njikwa ike ziri ezi na ngwaọrụ ibu ngwa ngwa.
Ka anyị tụlee isi ihe ndị bụ isi na-eme ka capacitors dị elu dị n'okpuru.
| Ihe Ntụnyere | Capacitor nkịtị | Supercapacitor |
| Nchịkọta | Kapasitọ nkịtị bụ dielectric nchekwa chaja na-adịgide adịgide, nke nwere ike ịnwe chaja na-adịgide adịgide ma a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe nke ukwuu. Ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa maka eletrọniki n'ọhịa ike eletrọniki. | Supercapacitor, nke a makwaara dịka electrochemical capacitor, double layer capacitor, gold capacitor, Faraday capacitor, bụ ihe electrochemical emepụtara site na 1970s na 1980s iji chekwaa ike site na ime ka electrolyte ahụ dị iche iche. |
| Owuwu ụlọ | Kapasitọ nkịtị nwere ihe abụọ na-eduzi ígwè (electrodes) nke dị nso n'otu oge mana ha anaghị akpakọrịta, ha nwere ihe na-egbochi ihe mkpuchi n'etiti ha. | Supercapacitor nwere electrode, electrolyte (nwere nnu electrolyte), na ihe nkewa (na-egbochi njikọ n'etiti electrodes dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma). A na-eji carbon eme ihe kpuchie elektrọd ndị ahụ, nke nwere obere oghere n'elu ya iji gbasaa mpaghara elu nke elektrọd ndị ahụ ma chekwaa ọkụ eletrik karịa. |
| Ihe Dielectric | A na-eji ihe nkiri aluminom oxide, ihe nkiri polymer ma ọ bụ seramiiki dị ka dielectrics n'etiti elektrọd na capacitors. | Supercapacitor enweghị dielectric. Kama, ọ na-eji oyi akwa eletriki abụọ nke e ji ihe siri ike (electrode) na mmiri mmiri (electrolyte) mepụta na njikọ kama dielectric. |
| Ụkpụrụ ọrụ | Ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke capacitor bụ na ike dị n'ọhịa eletriki ga-ebugharị chajị ahụ, mgbe enwere dielectric n'etiti ndị na-eduzi ya, ọ na-egbochi mmegharị chajị ahụ ma na-eme ka chajị ahụ gbakọta na onye na-eduzi ya, na-ebute nchịkọta nke nchekwa chajị. | N'aka nke ọzọ, Supercapacitors na-enweta nchekwa ike chajị okpukpu abụọ site na ịgbasa electrolyte yana site na chajị pseudo-capacitive redox. Usoro nchekwa ike nke supercapacitors nwere ike ịgbanwe agbanwe na-enweghị mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ, yabụ enwere ike ịchaji ma tọhapụ ya ugboro ugboro ọtụtụ narị puku ugboro. |
| Ike | Ike pere mpe. Ike ikike izugbe sitere na pF ole na ole ruo ọtụtụ puku μF. | Ike ka ukwuu. Ike nke supercapacitor buru ibu nke na enwere ike iji ya dị ka batrị. Ike nke supercapacitor dabere na anya dị n'etiti elektrọd na mpaghara elu nke elektrọd. Ya mere, a na-ekpuchi elektrọd ndị ahụ na carbon arụ ọrụ iji mee ka mpaghara elu dịkwuo elu iji nweta ikike dị elu. |
| Ike njupụta | Dị ala | Elu |
| Ike kpọmkwem | <0.1 Wh/kg | 1-10 Wh/kg |
| Ike kpọmkwem | 100,000+ Wh/kg | 10,000+ Wh/kg |
| Oge ịchaji/iwepụ ihe | Oge ịchaji na ịchaji nke capacitors nkịtị na-abụkarị sekọnd 103-106. | Ultracapacitors nwere ike ibuga chajị ngwa ngwa karịa batrị, dịka sekọnd iri, ma chekwaa chajị karịa olu otu nkeji karịa capacitors nkịtị. Ọ bụ ya mere a na-eji ele ya anya n'etiti batrị na capacitors electrolytic. |
| Ndụ oge chajị/mwụpụ | Mkpụmkpụ | Ogologo karịa (n'ozuzu 100,000 +, ruo 1 nde okirikiri, ihe karịrị afọ 10 nke ojiji) |
| Arụmọrụ ịchaji/ịpụpụ ihe n'ọrụ | >95% | 85%-98% |
| Okpomọkụ ọrụ | -20 ruo 70℃ | -40 ruo 70℃ (Njirimara okpomọkụ dị ala karịa na oke okpomọkụ sara mbara) |
| Voltaji e gosiri | Ka Elu | Ala (ọkachasị 2.5V) |
| Ọnụ ego | Ala | Ka Elu |
| Uru | Mfu pere mpe Njupụta njikọta dị elu Njikwa ike na-arụ ọrụ na nke na-emeghachi omume | Ogologo ndụ Ike dị elu nke ukwuu Oge ịchaji ngwa ngwa na oge mwepụta Ugbu a ibu dị elu Oke okpomọkụ ọrụ sara mbara |
| Ngwa | ▶ Mmepụta ọkụ eletrik dị nro; ▶ Mmezi Ihe Ike (PFC); ▶ Ihe nzacha ugboro ugboro, ihe nzacha dị elu, ihe nzacha dị ala; ▶ Njikọ na mwepụ nke mgbaàmà; ▶ Ihe mmalite moto; ▶Nchekwa (ihe nchekwa ọkụ na ihe nzacha mkpọtụ); ▶Oscillators. | ▶ Ụgbọala ike ọhụrụ, ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ngwa njem ndị ọzọ; ▶ Ọkụ eletrik na-anaghị akwụsị akwụsị (UPS), na-anọchi ebe nchekwa ike eletrik; ▶ Inye ọkụ eletrik maka ekwentị mkpanaaka, laptọọpụ, ngwaọrụ aka, wdg. ▶ Skruuochi eletriki a na-agbanyeghachi nke enwere ike ịchaji ya nke ọma n'ime nkeji ole na ole; ▶ Sistemụ ọkụ mberede na ngwaọrụ ọkụ eletrik dị elu; ▶ ICs, RAM, CMOS, elekere na obere kọmputa, wdg. |
Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe ị ga-agbakwunye ma ọ bụ nghọta ndị ọzọ, biko nweere onwe gị ịkọrọ anyị.
Oge ozi: Disemba-22-2021